Nature Based Therapy

Introduction record based therapy is not a clean concept, our considerably world and tie-up with temperament is part of the never-ending human quest of who were atomic number 18 and undecomposed where is our place in this ample environment which surrounds us. In order to mend grasp the topic of character based therapy or ecformer(a)apy, studies consulted were those pertaining to our connection with disposition and our easily be. Just how does record association affect our experiencing of a good life story is the subject of the origin paper reviewed, by Ho easily, J. A. , Dopko, R. L. , Pass much, H. , Buro, K. (2011).The second paper by Jordan & Marsh each (2010) describes a the changes to the traditional therapy inclose in a the indistinct environment of the exteriors. In taking therapy outside, we work with nature as ane of the variables in the redress descent. The integrative, often experiential approach of nature- based therapy or ecotherapy, is gaining r apid ground in the field of counselling and psycho remedials. My final look into paper aims at looking further into this growing field and how it suffer help those suffering from anxiety, burnout and depression. Article review article A Howell, J. A. , Dopko,R. L. Pass more(prenominal), H. , Buro, K. (2011). Nature connecter Associations with well- being and heedfulness. Personality and Indivi duple Differences, 51 (2), 166-171. Howell, Dopko, Passmore and Buro (2011) delve deeply into the heading of our connectedness with nature and how it can be whole stepd as a reflection of our cordial well- being. The authors, in all from the Grant MacEwen University in Edmonton Alberta conducted deuce empirical studies evidencing this association with data demonstrating that connection to nature may be more beneficial to our wound up and well-disposed well- being that previously realized.Drawing from the Biophilia hypothesis argued by Harvard evolutionary biologist E. O Wilson i n 1984, that human beings have an instinctive, emotional and genetic need to be in contact with nature, Howell et al. , thus conjecture that higher levels of nature connectedness would be associated with higher levels of well-being and with greater mindfulness. Many studies have been conducted on the subject with various results. Howell et al. , describe a study conducted by Mayer and Franz in 2004 which showed a significant correlation amidst trait nature connectedness and life satisfaction (p. 66). They atomic number 18 elaborated to define the word trait and provide a seemingly finished review of the soft variables in current literature, discussing the changes in definition of well- being by various theorists (Nisbert, Zelenski and Murphy, 2011). The team from Alberta builds upon current research by look into further into the question of the whether trait nature connectedness was associated with feeling well and with functioning well as well as the relations among natur e connectedness and a second index of positive mental health, mindfulness (p. 67). Howell et al. , review a large amount of research, define terminology and get out new holes in the theories, they then go on to pose the hypotheses are higher levels of nature connectedness associated both with higher levels of well being and with greater mindfulness? Methodology Howell et al. , conducted two studies victimisation quantitative methods. In the first study, data was collected from 452 university students, primarily female, with 81. 1% identifying Canada as their democracy of birth (p. 167).Using a variety of questionnaires including Mayer and Franz (2004) 14- item Connectedness to Nature eggshell, Keyes (2005) 40- item, measure of well being and Br possess Ryans (2003) Mindful Attention Awareness home (MASS). In order to ensure objectivity of results, Howell et al. , balanced these scales by using Paulhuss (1994) Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding which serves to filter out unintentionally high-flown self-descriptions and impression management (p 168). In the second study 275 students participated, all students of kindred age and demographic as thefirst study.Howell et al. , used a few of the alike questionnaires adding the Allo-Inclusive Identity Scale (Leary, Tipsord Tate, 2008) as well as the Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale (PMS) (Cardaciotto, Herbert, Forman, Moitra, Farrow, 2008). In an attempt to provide consistency and validity to the results, Howell et al. , provide compendious definitions and examples for some of the questions on these scales in order that the reader ruin assure the subtle differences in the descriptive statistics of the variables.Results Variables such as connectedness to nature, nature relatedness, allo inclusive identity, emotional well being, psychological well being, social well being, MAAS, PMS awareness and PMS acceptance showed correlations mingled with nature connectedness and well being. Descriptive statist ics were measured and then correlated among variables using verificatory factor analysis (CFA). Howell et al. , withal provided models with hypothesized correlations between nature connectedness, well -being and mindfulness.In the first study associations between nature connectedness and well- being and between well- being and mindfulness were significant however, the association between nature connectedness and mindfulness was not (p. 168). In the second study , correlations were significant with respect to psychological and social and emotional well being and with the added test scores added to the soup, nature connectedness was found to be significantly correlated to mindfulness. Discussion Howell et al. are satisfied with their consistent findings and that most results of their two studies support their hypothesis and invoke that nature connectedness is associated with the extent to which people are flourishing in their private, personal lives (p. 170). Howell et al. do admi t that some of the findings were inconsistent with their hypothesis and that early research could examine moderators and mediators of the relationship between nature connectedness and mental health (p. 170).They go onto discuss future research possibilities and challenges, including how nature could be incorporated into other activities to produce maximum curative results. Howell et al. , produced convincing research into the relationship between connectedness to nature and well being. They took into account fivefold scales of affect in order to collect their results and carefully described their differences and their stir on the final results. I feel their downfall is in their try out size and demographic and suspect results may be different depending on age and culture.Perhaps new rating scales would need to be developed in order to reflect these differences. Essentially, nature can benefit us all and regardless of the outcome being exemplify within a ingrained environment provide help you learn to experience the moment and perhaps even a renewed vitality in life. Article Review B Jordan, M. , marshal, H. , (2010). Taking counselling and psychotherapy outside Destruction or enrichment of the therapeutic physique? European Journal of Psychotherapy and Counselling, 12 (4), 345-359We all know that nature can help us feel better, merely just how can we take a traditional therapeutic vomit outdoors? What would be the challenges and what is the potential of this upcoming field of ecotherapy? Ecotherapy represents a new form of psychotherapy that acknowledges the vital role of nature and prognosticatees the human nature relationship (p. 354) Martin Jordan and Hayley marshal use relational therapy concepts in order to investigate mutuality and asymmetry and how they may be experienced differently in the great outdoors.Both Jordan marshal are practicing registered psychotherapists and by using their own experiences, they seek both the successes and chal lenges to the traditional framework of a therapeutic session. Jordan Marshall address many fundamental questions including how confidentiality would be addressed in public settings and how time or the therapeutic session is affected by practicing counselling and psychotherapy outside. They believe that the challenges to the traditional framework could be sorted out between client and therapist and in fact gravel part of the bidding .A flexible contract could be drawn up, one open to change. Jordan Marshall are careful to provide several definitions of a therapeutic frame, from eh uber- mercenary Psychotherapy should be carried out in a soundproof consulting room, in a private office in a professional edifice (Langs 1982), to being seen as a transgression or a dual relationship for the therapist (Zur 2001). But there are others who believe that the therapeutic boundary should be a dynamic process (Hermansson, 1997) or that the tractableness in the frame is an opportunity for deepening the therapeutic work and relationship (Bridges, 1999).Jordan Marshall seem to be covering all bases with their own abstract of a therapeutic boundaries, Working outdoors can throw new light on these traditionally more fixed ideas concerning boundaries and invite an progressively flexible perspective on issues concerning power and mutuality within the therapeutic relationship (p. 347). They examine the changes in client therapist relationships and how mutuality must not be equated with equality in terms of the therapeutic relationship. Jordan Marshall are not prescribing a recipe for therapy outdoors nor are they saw therapy is better outdoors.Their goal with this paper is to present their experiential findings and observations regarding the challenges various forms of outdoor therapy impart on the traditional therapeutic frame as well as on the relationship between therapist and client. Methodology The qualitative method devised to learn more about the impacts of tak ing the therapeutic frame outdoors was simple. Jordan Marshall began to hold sessions outdoors with their existing clients. They used two types of interactions outdoors 1. taking the traditional therapeutic frame of one hr into nearby nature and 2. aking clients on excursions where the frame is extended to over a spend or more. Relational theory concepts were used in order to better understand how the traditional frame of psychotherapy elements such as confidentiality and measure of therapeutic work, weather, containment and power dynamics (p. 347), would be challenged by unpredictable indispensable environment. The variables of mutuality and asymmetry were also studied in terms of the expanding boundaries in the client therapist relationship. One case study (in two parts) is presented in order to better grasp the challenges and potential of nature based therapy.Results Jordan Marshall found many potential challenges in taking the therapeutic frame outdoors. In particular, they found that the boundaries between client and therapist, could become challenged. The outdoors provided a neutral environment which fostered mutuality but maintaining some asymmetry in the relationship could be difficult. In taking this frame outdoors, Jordan Marshall also found that the structure of the frame itself may need to be reshaped and become more flexible perhaps the frame becomes an open process, rather than an net set of rules.They also found that sometimes the unpredictability of the environment created more anxiety, both in the client and the therapist and that the establishment of a therapeutic container or the building of a home in nature (Berger, 2006) was successful in overcoming some of these obstacles. Discussion The purpose of Jordan Marshalls paper was to provide information on the potential and challenges of taking traditional therapy practice outdoors. Jordan & Marshall consulted a vast reference list including one of the founders of nature- based ther apy, Ronen Berger and this provided interesting insight into this emergent field.At times the paper felt disorganized and the case presentation rake in two halves was confusing. Results were scattered throughout the paper and the methodology was swooning and seemingly structureless. Nevertheless, Jordan & Marshall got to the gist of the subject and were honest with their results, reporting their own struggles with mutuality and asymmetry when taking clients outside of the traditional hour great frame both clients and therapists can experience a blurring of the boundaries between what is therapy and what is social space (p357).Jordan & Marshall did not however, provide much data as to how many clients they had seen and under what circumstances. Their observations are keen and easily related to when view about the traditional therapeutic frame, nevertheless a concrete chart or model, using the relational as well as other theories or approaches, would have been welcome and intere sting. ConclusionOverall I found both these articles fascinate and extremely pertinent to my final research paper. Simply being present within a natural environment can help us feel better. Perhaps when taking therapy outdoors and as nature becomes a dynamic third in the therapeutic relationship, the traditional frame will come alive with an emergent creativity and mindfulness nudging us all towards our own true nature.